资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
“把中国游客带回来!”瑞士搬出“天王级”明星******
中新网1月18日电(甘甜)“我们准备好了!”“我希望更多的中国人到来!”
自中国优化调整防疫政策、有序恢复公民出境旅游以来,多国争相热情邀请中国游客:机场拉起欢迎横幅,招聘会讲中文的工作人员,精心挑选代言人……
正如新加坡卫生部长王乙康所称, “中国向世界开放是个好消息,也是我们期待的事情。”
各国吸引中国游客,瑞士启用明星代言
近日,已经退役的“网球天王”费德勒有了新的身份和任务——瑞士旅游局“代言人”,把中国游客“带回”瑞士。
中国调整疫情防控规定后,瑞士旅游业欢呼雀跃。中国游客的到来不仅有助于当地旅游基础设施被充分利用,市场如此大,瑞士旅游部门也值得为小众旅游产品做广告。“比如越野跑、植物学、文化(为主题的旅游),”瑞士旅游局写道。
费德勒在亚洲颇受欢迎。根据瑞士媒体曝光的瑞士旅游局旅游营销计划,在为期一年、旨在吸引中国游客重返瑞士的最新计划当中,费德勒将起到关键作用。在其帮助下,预计今年约有80万人次的中国游客在瑞士留宿,接近疫情前2019年留宿人数的一半。到2025年,留宿人数将达到170万人次。
“中国游客已经在路上了。”不仅是瑞士,多国都对中国游客的回归翘首以待。
泰国旅游车协会主席瓦苏彻说:“旅游巴士运营商闲置车辆三年多,现在正安排车辆接受检查。”
素贞清迈幸福旅行社老板安奇利还特别雇佣了会讲中文的工作人员和司机,以便带领游客游览寺庙、瀑布和山区景观。安奇利说:“我相信中国游客来泰国的次数会比以前更多。我们准备好了。”
在埃及首都开罗的一些著名旅游集市,店主们也有着共同的期待。经营一家埃及传统美食餐厅的老板穆罕默德•萨利赫说,中国人非常友好,“他们热爱埃及传统,尤其喜欢传统的埃及食物,而且总是热衷于尝试。”
回想起市场小巷里挤满中国游客的日子,萨利赫说,“我祈祷着中国游客的到来,情况会慢慢好起来。”
中国游客回归,是经济重要推动力
“中国更强劲的经济将为区域活动提供支持,而重新开放将促进区域内旅游业。”东盟与中日韩宏观经济研究办公室(AMRO)首席经济学家许和意(Hoe Ee Khor) 指出。
《今日商业》杂志评价称,旅游业的持续恢复——尤其是随着中国游客的回归——将为经济增长提供急需的推动力。
美国《华盛顿邮报》还指出,中国重新开放的步伐将影响全球增长和通胀前景。报道援引国际货币基金组织(IMF)总裁格奥尔基耶娃的话称,中国经济的复苏能力“很可能是2023年全球增长的最重要因素”。
而少数国家和地区针对中国游客采取入境限制措施,无疑是一种 “倒退”。
49岁的崔大成在明洞售卖服饰等商品约30年,目前靠送餐维持生计。他说,“我们过得很艰难,我希望更多的中国人到来,政府不要限制他们入境。”
在首尔一个可丽饼摊位上,24岁的孙景洛(音译)透露,他已经在制定应对大量来自中国游客的计划,正在招聘人员并准备囤货,“中国游客是我们的主要客户,越多越好。”
欧洲机场理事会总干事亚诺韦茨形容,“我们又一次陷入没有科学依据、不合理且不协调的旅行限制拼凑而成的状态。”
国际航空运输协会总干事威利•沃尔什发表声明,警告各国在“病毒已经在其境内广泛传播”的情况下恢复“已被证明无效”的措施。他说:“我们有工具来应对新冠病毒,而不是诉诸于切断国际连接、损害经济和破坏就业的无效措施。”(完)
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